External user interface for head worn computing

ABSTRACT

Aspects of the present invention relate to external user interfaces used in connection with head worn computers (HWC).

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/961,958, filed on Oct. 7, 2022, which is continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/494,746, filed on Oct. 5, 2021, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,507,208, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/378,191, filed on Apr. 8, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,169,623, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/280,752, filed May 19, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,254,856, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/158,198, filed Jan. 17, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,939,934, the disclosures of each which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND Field of the Invention

This invention relates to head worn computing. More particularly, this invention relates to external user interfaces related to head worn computing.

Description of Related Art

Wearable computing systems have been developed and are beginning to be commercialized. Many problems persist in the wearable computing field that need to be resolved to make them meet the demands of the market.

SUMMARY

This Summary introduces certain concepts of head worn computing, and the concepts are further described below in the Detailed Description and/or shown in the Figures. This Summary should not be considered to describe essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor used to determine or limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

Aspects of the present invention relate to external user interfaces used in connection with head worn computers (HWC). Embodiments relate to an external user interface that has a physical form intended to be hand held. The hand held user interface may be in the form similar to that of a writing instrument, such as a pen. In embodiments, the hand held user interface includes technologies relating to aligning and tracking the alignment of writing patterns on a writing surface through the use of displayed content in a head-worn computer.

These and other systems, methods, objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment and the drawings. All documents mentioned herein are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments are described with reference to the following Figures. The same numbers may be used throughout to reference like features and components that are shown in the Figures:

FIG. 1 illustrates a head worn computing system in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates an external user interface in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 3A to 3C illustrate distance control systems in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 4A to 4C illustrate force interpretation systems in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 5A to 5C illustrate user interface mode selection systems in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 6 illustrates interaction systems in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 7 illustrates external user interfaces in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 8 illustrates a pattern recognition system and process in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

While the invention has been described in connection with certain preferred embodiments, other embodiments would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art and are encompassed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

Aspects of the present invention relate to head-worn computing (“HWC”) systems. HWC involves, in some instances, a system that mimics the appearance of head-worn glasses or sunglasses. The glasses may be a fully developed computing platform, such as including computer displays presented in each of the lenses of the glasses to the eyes of the user. In embodiments, the lenses and displays may be configured to allow a person wearing the glasses to see the environment through the lenses while also seeing, simultaneously, digital imagery, which forms an overlaid image that is perceived by the person as a digitally augmented image of the environment, or augmented reality (“AR”).

HWC involves more than just placing a computing system on a person's head. The system may need to be designed as a lightweight, compact and fully functional computer display—such as wherein the computer display includes a high resolution digital display that provides a high level of emersion comprised of the displayed digital content and the see-through view of the environmental surroundings. User interfaces and control systems suited to the HWC device may be required that are unlike those used for a more conventional computer such as a laptop. For the HWC and associated systems to be most effective, the glasses may be equipped with sensors to determine environmental conditions, geographic location, relative positioning to other points of interest, objects identified by imaging and movement by the user or other users in a connected group, and the like. The HWC may then change the mode of operation to match the conditions, location, positioning, movements, and the like, in a method generally referred to as a contextually aware HWC. The glasses also may need to be connected, wirelessly or otherwise, to other systems either locally or through a network. Controlling the glasses may be achieved through the use of an external device, automatically through contextually gathered information, through user gestures captured by the glasses sensors, and the like. Each technique may be further refined depending on the software application being used in the glasses. The glasses may further be used to control or coordinate with external devices that are associated with the glasses.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an overview of the HWC system 100 is presented. As shown, the HWC system 100 comprises a HWC 102, which in this instance is configured as glasses to be worn on the head with sensors such that the HWC 102 is aware of the objects and conditions in the environment 114. In this instance, the HWC 102 also receives and interprets control inputs such as gestures and movements 116. The HWC 102 may communicate with external user interfaces 104. The external user interfaces 104 may provide a physical user interface to take control instructions from a user of the HWC 102 and the external user interfaces 104 and the HWC 102 may communicate bi-directionally to affect the user's command and provide feedback to the external device 108. The HWC 102 may also communicate bi-directionally with externally controlled or coordinated local devices 108. For example, an external user interface 104 may be used in connection with the HWC 102 to control an externally controlled or coordinated local device 108. The externally controlled or coordinated local device 108 may provide feedback to the HWC 102 and a customized GUI may be presented in the HWC 102 based on the type of device or specifically identified device 108. The HWC 102 may also interact with remote devices and information sources 112 through a network connection 110. Again, the external user interface 104 may be used in connection with the HWC 102 to control or otherwise interact with any of the remote devices 108 and information sources 112 in a similar way as when the external user interfaces 104 are used to control or otherwise interact with the externally controlled or coordinated local devices 108. Similarly, HWC 102 may interpret gestures 116 (e.g captured from forward, downward, upward, rearward facing sensors such as camera(s), range finders, IR sensors, etc.) or environmental conditions sensed in the environment 114 to control either local or remote devices 108 or 112.

We will now describe each of the main elements depicted on FIG. 1 in more detail; however, these descriptions are intended to provide general guidance and should not be construed as limiting. Additional description of each element may also be further described herein.

The HWC 102 is a computing platform intended to be worn on a person's head. The HWC 102 may take many different forms to fit many different functional requirements. In some situations, the HWC 102 will be designed in the form of conventional glasses. The glasses may or may not have active computer graphics displays. In situations where the HWC 102 has integrated computer displays the displays may be configured as see-through displays such that the digital imagery can be overlaid with respect to the user's view of the environment 114. There are a number of see-through optical designs that may be used, including ones that have a reflective display (e.g. LCoS, DLP), emissive displays (e.g. OLED, LED), hologram, TIR waveguides, and the like. In addition, the optical configuration may be monocular or binocular. It may also include vision corrective optical components. In embodiments, the optics may be packaged as contact lenses. In other embodiments, the HWC 102 may be in the form of a helmet with a see-through shield, sunglasses, safety glasses, goggles, a mask, fire helmet with see-through shield, police helmet with see through shield, military helmet with see-through shield, utility form customized to a certain work task (e.g. inventory control, logistics, repair, maintenance, etc.), and the like.

The HWC 102 may also have a number of integrated computing facilities, such as an integrated processor, integrated power management, communication structures (e.g. cell net, WiFi, Bluetooth, local area connections, mesh connections, remote connections (e.g. client server, etc.)), and the like. The HWC 102 may also have a number of positional awareness sensors, such as GPS, electronic compass, altimeter, tilt sensor, IMU, and the like. It may also have other sensors such as a camera, rangefinder, hyper-spectral camera, Geiger counter, microphone, spectral illumination detector, temperature sensor, chemical sensor, biologic sensor, moisture sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and the like.

The HWC 102 may also have integrated control technologies. The integrated control technologies may be contextual based control, passive control, active control, user control, and the like. For example, the HWC 102 may have an integrated sensor (e.g. camera) that captures user hand or body gestures 116 such that the integrated processing system can interpret the gestures and generate control commands for the HWC 102. In another example, the HWC 102 may have sensors that detect movement (e.g. a nod, head shake, and the like) including accelerometers, gyros and other inertial measurements, where the integrated processor may interpret the movement and generate a control command in response. The HWC 102 may also automatically control itself based on measured or perceived environmental conditions. For example, if it is bright in the environment the HWC 102 may increase the brightness or contrast of the displayed unage. In embodiments, the integrated control technologies may be mounted on the HWC 102 such that a user can interact with it directly. For example, the HWC 102 may have a button(s), touch capacitive interface, and the like.

As described herein, the HWC 102 may be in communication with external user interfaces 104. The external user interfaces may come in many different forms. For example, a cell phone screen may be adapted to take user input for control of an aspect of the HWC 102. The external user interface may be a dedicated UI, such as a keyboard, touch surface, button(s), joy stick, and the like. In embodiments, the external controller may be integrated into another device such as a ring, watch, bike, car, and the like. In each case, the external user interface 104 may include sensors (e.g. IMU, accelerometers, compass, altimeter, and the like) to provide additional input for controlling the HWD 104.

As described herein, the HWC 102 may control or coordinate with other local devices 108. The external devices 108 may be an audio device, visual device, vehicle, cell phone, computer, and the like. For instance, the local external device 108 may be another HWC 102, where information may then be exchanged between the separate HWCs 108.

Similar to the way the HWC 102 may control or coordinate with local devices 106, the HWC 102 may control or coordinate with remote devices 112, such as the HWC 102 communicating with the remote devices 112 through a network 110. Again, the form of the remote device 112 may have many forms. Included in these forms is another HWC 102. For example, each HWC 102 may communicate its GPS position such that all the HWCs 102 know where all of HWC 102 are located.

Referring to FIG. 2 , we now turn to describe a particular external user interface 104, referred to generally as a pen 200. The pen 200 is a specially designed external user interface 104 and can operate as a user interface, such as to many different styles of HWC 102. The pen 200 generally follows the form of a conventional pen, which is a familiar user handled device and creates an intuitive physical interface for many of the operations to be carried out in the HWC system 100. The pen 200 may be one of several user interfaces 104 used in connection with controlling operations within the HWC system 100. For example, the HWC 102 may watch for and interpret hand gestures 116 as control signals, where the pen 200 may also be used as a user interface with the same HWC 102. Similarly, a remote keyboard may be used as an external user interface 104 in concert with the pen 200. The combination of user interfaces or the use of just one control system generally depends on the operation(s) being executed in the HWC's system 100.

While the pen 200 may follow the general form of a conventional pen, it contains numerous technologies that enable it to function as an external user interface 104. FIG. 2 illustrate technologies comprised in the pen 200. As can be seen, the pen 200 may include a camera 208, which is arranged to view through lens 202. The camera may then be focused, such as through lens 202, to image a surface upon which a user is writing or making other movements to interact with the HWC 102. There are situations where the pen 200 will also have an ink, graphite, or other system such that what is being written can be seen on the writing surface. There are other situations where the pen 200 does not have such a physical writing system so there is no deposit on the writing surface, where the pen would only be communicating data or commands to the HWC 102. The lens configuration is described in greater detail herein. The function of the camera is to capture information from an unstructured writing surface such that pen strokes can be interpreted as intended by the user. To assist in the predication of the intended stroke path, the pen 200 may include a sensor, such as an IMU 212. Of course, the IMU could be included in the pen 200 in its separate parts (e.g. gyro, accelerometer, etc.) or an IMU could be included as a single unit. In this instance, the IMU 212 is used to measure and predict the motion of the pen 200. In turn, the integrated microprocessor 210 would take the IMU information and camera information as inputs and process the information to form a prediction of the pen tip movement.

The pen 200 may also include a pressure monitoring system 204, such as to measure the pressure exerted on the lens 202. As will be described in greater herein, the pressure measurement can be used to predict the user's intention for changing the weight of a line, type of a line, type of brush, click, double click, and the like. In embodiments, the pressure sensor may be constructed using any force or pressure measurement sensor located behind the lens 202, including for example, a resistive sensor, a current sensor, a capacitive sensor, a voltage sensor such as a piezoelectric sensor, and the like.

The pen 200 may also include a communications module 218, such as for bi-directional communication with the HWC 102. In embodiments, the communications module 218 may be a short distance communication module (e.g. Bluetooth). The communications module 218 may be security matched to the HWC 102. The communications module 218 may be arranged to communicate data and commands to and from the microprocessor 210 of the pen 200. The microprocessor 210 may be programmed to interpret data generated from the camera 208, IMU 212, and pressure sensor 204, and the like, and then pass a command onto the HWC 102 through the communications module 218, for example. In another embodiment, the data collected from any of the input sources (e.g. camera 108, IMU 212, pressure sensor 104) by the microprocessor may be communicated by the communication module 218 to the HWC 102, and the HWC 102 may perform data processing and prediction of the user's intention when using the pen 200. In yet another embodiment, the data may be further passed on through a network 110 to a remote device 112, such as a server, for the data processing and prediction. The commands may then be communicated back to the HWC 102 for execution (e.g. display writing in the glasses display, make a selection within the UI of the glasses display, control a remote external device 112, control a local external device 108), and the like. The pen may also include memory 214 for long or short term uses.

The pen 200 may also include a number of physical user interfaces, such as quick launch buttons 222, a touch sensor 220, and the like. The quick launch buttons 222 may be adapted to provide the user with a fast way of jumping to a software application in the HWC system 100. For example, the user may be a frequent user of communication software packages (e.g. email, text, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Google+, and the like), and the user may program a quick launch button 222 to command the HWC 102 to launch an application. The pen 200 may be provided with several quick launch buttons 222, which may be user programmable or factory programmable. The quick launch button 222 may be programmed to perform an operation. For example, one of the buttons may be programmed to clear the digital display of the HWC 102. This would create a fast way for the user to clear the screens on the HWC 102 for any reason, such as for example to better view the environment. The quick launch button functionality will be discussed in further detail below. The touch sensor 220 may be used to take gesture style input from the user. For example, the user may be able to take a single finger and run it across the touch sensor 220 to affect a page scroll.

The pen 200 may also include a laser pointer 224. The laser pointer 224 may be coordinated with the IMU 212 to coordinate gestures and laser pointing. For example, a user may use the laser 224 in a presentation to help with guiding the audience with the interpretation of graphics and the IMU 212 may, either simultaneously or when the laser 224 is off, interpret the user's gestures as commands or data input.

FIGS. 3A-C illustrate several embodiments of lens and camera arrangements 300 for the pen 200. One aspect relates to maintaining a constant distance between the camera and the writing surface to enable the writing surface to be kept in focus for better tracking of movements of the pen 200 over the writing surface. Another aspect relates to maintaining an angled surface following the circumference of the writing tip of the pen 200 such that the pen 200 can be rolled or partially rolled in the user's hand to create the feel and freedom of a conventional writing instrument.

FIG. 3A illustrates an embodiment of the writing lens end of the pen 200. The configuration includes a ball lens 304, a camera or image capture surface 302, and a domed cover lens 308. In this arrangement, the camera views the writing surface through the ball lens 304 and dome cover lens 308. The ball lens 304 causes the camera to focus such that the camera views the writing surface when the pen 200 is held in the hand in a natural writing position, such as with the pen 200 in contact with a writing surface. In embodiments, the ball lens 304 should be separated from the writing surface to obtain the highest resolution of the writing surface at the camera 302. In embodiments, the ball lens 304 is separated by approximately 1 to 3 mm. In this configuration, the domed cover lens 308 provides a surface that can keep the ball lens 304 separated from the writing surface at a constant distance, such as substantially independent of the angle used to write on the writing surface. For instance, in embodiments the field of view of the camera in this arrangement would be approximately 60 degrees.

The domed cover lens, or other lens 308 used to physically interact with the writing surface, will be transparent or transmissive within the active bandwidth of the camera 302. In embodiments, the domed cover lens 308 may be spherical or other shape and comprised of glass, plastic, sapphire, diamond, and the like. In other embodiments where low resolution imaging of the surface is acceptable. The pen 200 can omit the domed cover lens 308 and the ball lens 304 can be in direct contact with the surface.

FIG. 3B illustrates another structure where the construction is somewhat similar to that described in connection with FIG. 3A; however this embodiment does not use a dome cover lens 308, but instead uses a spacer 310 to maintain a predictable distance between the ball lens 304 and the writing surface, wherein the spacer may be spherical, cylindrical, tubular or other shape that provides spacing while allowing for an image to be obtained by the camera 302 through the lens 304. In a preferred embodiment, the spacer 310 is transparent. In addition, while the spacer 310 is shown as spherical, other shapes such a an oval, doughnut shape, half sphere, cone, cylinder or other form may be used.

FIG. 3C illustrates yet another embodiment, where the structure includes a post 314, such as running through the center of the lensed end of the pen 200. The post 314 may be an ink deposition system (e.g. ink cartridge), graphite deposition system (e.g. graphite holder), or a dummy post whose purpose is mainly only that of alignment. The selection of the post type is dependent on the pen's use. For instance, in the event the user wants to use the pen 200 as a conventional ink depositing pen as well as a fully functional external user interface 104, the ink system post would be the best selection. If there is no need for the ‘writing’ to be visible on the writing surface, the selection would be the dummy post. The embodiment of FIG. 3C includes camera(s) 302 and an associated lens 312, where the camera 302 and lens 312 are positioned to capture the writing surface without substantial interference from the post 314. In embodiments, the pen 200 may include multiple cameras 302 and lenses 312 such that more or all of the circumference of the tip 314 can be used as an input system. In an embodiment, the pen 200 includes a contoured grip that keeps the pen aligned in the user's hand so that the camera 302 and lens 312 remains pointed at the surface.

Another aspect of the pen 200 relates to sensing the force applied by the user to the writing surface with the pen 200. The force measurement may be used in a number of ways. For example, the force measurement may be used as a discrete value, or discontinuous event tracking, and compared against a threshold in a process to determine a user's intent. The user may want the force interpreted as a ‘click’ in the selection of an object, for instance. The user may intend multiple force exertions interpreted as multiple clicks. There may be times when the user holds the pen 200 in a certain position or holds a certain portion of the pen 200 (e.g. a button or touch pad) while clicking to affect a certain operation (e.g. a ‘right click’). In embodiments, the force measurement may be used to track force and force trends. The force trends may be tracked and compared to threshold limits, for example. There may be one such threshold limit, multiple limits, groups of related limits, and the like. For example, when the force measurement indicates a fairly constant force that generally falls within a range of related threshold values, the microprocessor 210 may interpret the force trend as an indication that the user desires to maintain the current writing style, writing tip type, line weight, brush type, and the like. In the event that the force trend appears to have gone outside of a set of threshold values intentionally, the microprocessor may interpret the action as an indication that the user wants to change the current writing style, writing tip type, line weight, brush type, and the like. Once the microprocessor has made a determination of the user's intent, a change in the current writing style, writing tip type, line weight, brush type, and the like, may be executed. In embodiments, the change may be noted to the user (e.g. in a display of the HWC 102), and the user may be presented with an opportunity to accept the change.

FIG. 4A illustrates an embodiment of a force sensing surface tip 400 of a pen 200. The force sensing surface tip 400 comprises a surface connection tip 402 (e.g. a lens as described herein elsewhere) in connection with a force or pressure monitoring system 204. As a user uses the pen 200 to write on a surface or simulate writing on a surface the force monitoring system 204 measures the force or pressure the user applies to the writing surface and the force monitoring system communicates data to the microprocessor 210 for processing. In this configuration, the microprocessor 210 receives force data from the force monitoring system 204 and processes the data to make predictions of the user's intent in applying the particular force that is currently being applied. In embodiments, the processing may be provided at a location other than on the pen (e.g. at a server in the HWC system 100, on the HWC 102). For clarity, when reference is made herein to processing information on the microprocessor 210, the processing of information contemplates processing the information at a location other than on the pen. The microprocessor 210 may be programmed with force threshold(s), force signature(s), force signature library and/or other characteristics intended to guide an inference program in determining the user's intentions based on the measured force or pressure. The microprocessor 210 may be further programmed to make inferences from the force measurements as to whether the user has attempted to initiate a discrete action (e.g. a user interface selection ‘click’) or is performing a constant action (e.g. writing within a particular writing style). The inferencing process is important as it causes the pen 200 to act as an intuitive external user interface 104.

FIG. 4B illustrates a force 408 versus time 410 trend chart with a single threshold 418. The threshold 418 may be set at a level that indicates a discrete force exertion indicative of a user's desire to cause an action (e.g. select an object in a GUI). Event 412, for example, may be interpreted as a click or selection command because the force quickly increased from below the threshold 418 to above the threshold 418. The event 414 may be interpreted as a double click because the force quickly increased above the threshold 418, decreased below the threshold 418 and then essentially repeated quickly. The user may also cause the force to go above the threshold 418 and hold for a period indicating that the user is intending to select an object in the GUI (e.g. a GUI presented in the display of the HWC 102) and ‘hold’ for a further operation (e.g. moving the object).

While a threshold value may be used to assist in the interpretation of the user's intention, a signature force event trend may also be used. The threshold and signature may be used in combination or either method may be used alone. For example, a single-click signature may be represented by a certain force trend signature or set of signatures. The single-click signature(s) may require that the trend meet a criteria of a rise time between x any y values, a hold time of between a and b values and a fall time of between c and d values, for example. Signatures may be stored for a variety of functions such as click, double click, right click, hold, move, etc. The microprocessor 210 may compare the real-time force or pressure tracking against the signatures from a signature library to make a decision and issue a command to the software application executing in the GUI.

FIG. 4C illustrates a force 408 versus time 410 trend chart with multiple thresholds 418. By way of example, the force trend is plotted on the chart with several pen force or pressure events. As noted, there are both presumably intentional events 420 and presumably non-intentional events 422. The two thresholds 418 of FIG. 4C create three zones of force: a lower, middle and higher range. The beginning of the trend indicates that the user is placing a lower zone amount of force. This may mean that the user is writing with a given line weight and does not intend to change the weight, the user is writing. Then the trend shows a significant increase 420 in force into the middle force range. This force change appears, from the trend to have been sudden and thereafter it is sustained. The microprocessor 210 may interpret this as an intentional change and as a result change the operation in accordance with preset rules (e.g. change line width, increase line weight, etc.). The trend then continues with a second apparently intentional event 420 into the higher-force range. During the performance in the higher-force range, the force dips below the upper threshold 418. This may indicate an unintentional force change and the microprocessor may detect the change in range however not affect a change in the operations being coordinated by the pen 200. As indicated above, the trend analysis may be done with thresholds and/or signatures.

Generally, in the present disclosure, instrument stroke parameter changes may be referred to as a change in line type, line weight, tip type, brush type, brush width, brush pressure, color, and other forms of writing, coloring, painting, and the like.

Another aspect of the pen 200 relates to selecting an operating mode for the pen 200 dependent on contextual information and/or selection interface(s). The pen 200 may have several operating modes. For instance, the pen 200 may have a writing mode where the user interface(s) of the pen 200 (e.g. the writing surface end, quick launch buttons 222, touch sensor 220, motion based gesture, and the like) is optimized or selected for tasks associated with writing. As another example, the pen 200 may have a wand mode where the user interface(s) of the pen is optimized or selected for tasks associated with software or device control (e.g. the HWC 102, external local device, remote device 112, and the like). The pen 200, by way of another example, may have a presentation mode where the user interface(s) is optimized or selected to assist a user with giving a presentation (e.g. pointing with the laser pointer 224 while using the button(s) 222 and/or gestures to control the presentation or applications relating to the presentation). The pen may, for example, have a mode that is optimized or selected for a particular device that a user is attempting to control. The pen 200 may have a number of other modes and an aspect of the present invention relates to selecting such modes.

FIG. 5A illustrates an automatic user interface(s) mode selection based on contextual information. The microprocessor 210 may be programmed with IMU thresholds 514 and 512. The thresholds 514 and 512 may be used as indications of upper and lower bounds of an angle 504 and 502 of the pen 200 for certain expected positions during certain predicted modes. When the microprocessor 210 determines that the pen 200 is being held or otherwise positioned within angles 502 corresponding to writing thresholds 514, for example, the microprocessor 210 may then institute a writing mode for the pen's user interfaces. Similarly, if the microprocessor 210 determines (e.g. through the IMU 212) that the pen is being held at an angle 504 that falls between the predetermined wand thresholds 512, the microprocessor may institute a wand mode for the pen's user interface. Both of these examples may be referred to as context based user interface mode selection as the mode selection is based on contextual information (e.g. position) collected automatically and then used through an automatic evaluation process to automatically select the pen's user interface(s) mode.

As with other examples presented herein, the microprocessor 210 may monitor the contextual trend (e.g. the angle of the pen over time) in an effort to decide whether to stay in a mode or change modes. For example, through signatures, thresholds, trend analysis, and the like, the microprocessor may determine that a change is an unintentional change and therefore no user interface mode change is desired.

FIG. 5B illustrates an automatic user interface(s) mode selection based on contextual information. In this example, the pen 200 is monitoring (e.g. through its microprocessor) whether or not the camera at the writing surface end 208 is imaging a writing surface in close proximity to the writing surface end of the pen 200. If the pen 200 determines that a writing surface is within a predetermined relatively short distance, the pen 200 may decide that a writing surface is present 502 and the pen may go into a writing mode user interface(s) mode. In the event that the pen 200 does not detect a relatively close writing surface 504, the pen may predict that the pen is not currently being used to as a writing instrument and the pen may go into a non-writing user interface(s) mode.

FIG. 5C illustrates a manual user interface(s) mode selection. The user interface(s) mode may be selected based on a twist of a section 508 of the pen 200 housing, clicking an end button 510, pressing a quick launch button 222, interacting with touch sensor 220, detecting a predetermined action at the pressure monitoring system (e.g. a click), detecting a gesture (e.g. detected by the IMU), etc. The manual mode selection may involve selecting an item in a GUI associated with the pen 200 (e.g. an image presented in the display of HWC 102).

In embodiments, a confirmation selection may be presented to the user in the event a mode is going to change. The presentation may be physical (e.g. a vibration in the pen 200), through a GUI, through a light indicator, etc.

FIG. 6 illustrates a couple pen use-scenarios 600 and 601. There are many use scenarios and we have presented a couple in connection with FIG. 6 as a way of illustrating use scenarios to further the understanding of the reader. As such, the use-scenarios should be considered illustrative and non-limiting.

Use scenario 600 is a writing scenario where the pen 200 is used as a writing instrument. In this example, quick launch button 122A is pressed to launch a note application 610 in the GUI 608 of the HWC 102 display 604. Once the quick launch button 122A is pressed, the HWC 102 launches the note program 610 and puts the pen into a writing mode. The user uses the pen 200 to scribe symbols 602 on a writing surface, the pen records the scribing and transmits the scribing to the HWC 102 where symbols representing the scribing are displayed 612 within the note application 610.

Use scenario 601 is a gesture scenario where the pen 200 is used as a gesture capture and command device. In this example, the quick launch button 122B is activated and the pen 200 activates a wand mode such that an application launched on the HWC 102 can be controlled. Here, the user sees an application chooser 618 in the display(s) of the HWC 102 where different software applications can be chosen by the user. The user gestures (e.g. swipes, spins, turns, etc.) with the pen to cause the application chooser 618 to move from application to application. Once the correct application is identified (e.g. highlighted) in the chooser 618, the user may gesture or click or otherwise interact with the pen 200 such that the identified application is selected and launched. Once an application is launched, the wand mode may be used to scroll, rotate, change applications, select items, initiate processes, and the like, for example.

In an embodiment, the quick launch button 122A may be activated and the HWC 102 may launch an application chooser presenting to the user a set of applications. For example, the quick launch button may launch a chooser to show all communication programs (e.g. SMS, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, email, etc.) available for selection such that the user can select the program the user wants and then go into a writing mode. By way of further example, the launcher may bring up selections for various other groups that are related or categorized as generally being selected at a given time (e.g. Microsoft Office products, communication products, productivity products, note products, organizational products, and the like)

FIG. 7 illustrates yet another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 700 illustrates a watchband clip on controller 700. The watchband clip on controller may be a controller used to control the HWC 102 or devices in the HWC system 100. The watchband clip on controller 700 has a fastener 718 (e.g. rotatable clip) that is mechanically adapted to attach to a watchband, as illustrated at 704.

The watchband controller 700 may have quick launch interfaces 708 (e.g. to launch applications and choosers as described herein), a touch pad 714 (e.g. to be used as a touch style mouse for GIB control in a HWC 102 display) and a display 712. The clip 718 may be adapted to fit a wide range of watchbands so it can be used in connection with a watch that is independently selected for its function. The clip, in embodiments, is rotatable such that a user can position it in a desirable manner. In embodiments the clip may be a flexible strap. In embodiments, the flexible strap may be adapted to be stretched to attach to a hand, wrist, finger, device, weapon, and the like.

In embodiments, the watchband controller may be configured as a removable and replaceable watchband. For example, the controller may be incorporated into a band with a certain width, segment spacing's, etc. such that the watchband, with its incorporated controller, can be attached to a watch body. The attachment, in embodiments, may be mechanically adapted to attach with a pin upon which the watchband rotates. In embodiments, the watchband controller may be electrically connected to the watch and/or watch body such that the watch, watch body and/or the watchband controller can communicate data between them.

The watchband controller may have 3-axis motion monitoring (e.g. through an IMU, accelerometers, magnetometers, gyroscopes, etc.) to capture user motion. The user motion may then be interpreted for gesture control.

In embodiments, the watchband controller may comprise fitness sensors and a fitness computer. The sensors may track heart rate, calories burned, strides, distance covered, and the like. The data may then be compared against performance goals and/or standards for user feedback.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to tracking pen movements with the assistance of a camera and displayed content in a HWC 102. In embodiments, content is presented in a see-through display of a head-worn computer to provide a virtual guide for the wearer who wants to make motions with a pen, finger, or other interface and have the motions interpreted for pattern recognition. As described in connection with pen embodiments disclosed herein elsewhere, an IMU or pen-tip camera may be used to monitor the motion of a pen in order to predict what patterns are being drawn. The IMU and/or pen tip camera may suffer from electronic or optical drift and the drift may cause inaccuracies in the pattern prediction. In embodiments, to augment the IMU and/or pen tip camera motion predictions the virtual guide is provided to compensate for the drift. The pen motions may be captured by a camera on-board the HWC 102 while the wearer is writing with the guidance of the virtual line. Knowing that the wearer is using the virtual line as a guide, the relative position between the pen tip and virtual line can be used to reduce or eliminate drift issues.

In embodiments, digital content is presented to a wearer of the HWC 102 and the wearer moves the pen 200 along a writing surface guided by the digital content for pattern recordation, recognition and presentation assistance. In embodiments, a camera in the HWC 102 images and tracks the positions of the pen 200 for pattern recordation and recognition assistance. In embodiments, both the digital content and the camera capturing the pen positions are used for pattern recordation and recognition assistance. In embodiments, the digital content, camera capture, in-pen camera capture, in-pen IMU, etc. may be used in combination for pattern recordation and recognition assistance. In embodiments, the relative positions of the pen strokes to the virtual line may be presented in the HWC 102 displays in relation to the virtual line. For example, the wearer of the HWC 102 may be scribing without ink in relation to the virtual line that he perceives and as presented in the HWC 102 display, the on-board HWC 102 camera may capture the scribing, a processor may interpret the imaged scribing in relation to the line such that the scribing can be converted into digital content to be displayed in the HWC 102 display in relation to the virtual line.

FIG. 8 illustrates a system where a camera in the HWC 102 is used to track pen 200 motions and digital content is presented to the wearer of the HWC 102 to assist the wearer with writing within a structure. In this embodiment, digital content in the form of a line 804 is presented in an FOY 802 of the HWC 102. The wearer can see through the FOY 802 so the line 804 appears to augment the surrounding environment's view for the wearer. The line may be ‘fixed’ to a spot in the environment such that when the wearer turns his head and hence changes the position of the HWC 102, the line appears to stay in position with respect to the environment. In embodiments, the camera in the HWC 102 may image the environment and track the relative movement of the HWC 102 with respect to the environment such that the line 804 can be positioned and moved within the FOY in accordance with the imaged movements to maintain visual alignment of the line with a point, object, marker, etc. in the environment. This configuration presents a virtual line in the environment that does not appear to move as the wearer's head moves. The virtual line can provide the wearer with guidance on where to make pen strokes. The line can be thought of as a line on a piece of paper so the wearer can write, or make strokes in a writing pattern, along the virtual line to make prediction of the lines pattern more accurate and overcome drift errors that may otherwise be apparent when attempting to record the movements and predict the patterns.

With the virtual line presented and virtually connected to a position in the environment, the wearer can use the line for guidance when making writing patterns. The HWC 102 camera can also be used to track the movements of the pen 200 relative to the position of the virtual line. This may be used to better predict the patterns indicated by the wearer's pen strokes. As described herein elsewhere, the pen 200 may track its motions through a pen tip camera and IMU. In embodiments, the pen tip camera and IMU may track the pen's motion and the camera may be used to track the motion of the pen relative to the virtual line. Each of these inputs may be used to track, record and predict what it being written.

In embodiments, the camera in the HWC 102 captures images of the wearer's pen's motion while the wearer is using the pen to make patterns with the virtual line as a guide. The virtual line may then be overlaid on the captured images of the motion to assist with the pattern analysis. In embodiments, once the overlay is made, one can see or analyze how the pen pattern moved with respect to the position of the virtual line as the wearer may be viewed the virtual line. The pattern analysis may involve interpreting the IMU motion detection, in-pen motion detection, and/or the pen's motion as captured through the HWC 102 camera relative to the virtual line. For example, if the IMU indicates that the pen shifted away from the wearer but the position of the pen relative to the virtual line indicates the pen was not moving, the portion of IMU data that indicated the shift may be discounted in the prediction analysis. The virtual line pattern analysis may be done in real-time, after the fact, etc. The pattern recognition may be done on a processor on-board the HWC 102, remote from the HWC 102, or partially on-board and remotely.

In embodiments, the virtual line may take any number of forms. For example, the virtual line may be a line, part of a virtual note, part of a virtual message template, etc. The line may also change positions and shapes depending on the wearer's needs. For example, the wearer may want to trace a pattern that is being displayed as digital content and the digital content may be presented as a consolidated image, part of an image, image in a line-by-line presentation format, etc. In embodiments, this system may be used for lessons on writing, painting, drawing, etc.

Although embodiments of HWC have been described in language specific to features, systems, computer processes and/or methods, the appended claims are not necessarily limited to the specific features, systems, computer processes and/or methods described. Rather, the specific features, systems, computer processes and/or and methods are disclosed as non-limited example implementations of HWC. All documents referenced herein are hereby incorporated by reference. 

1. A method, comprising: determining a virtual line in a mixed reality environment, the mixed reality environment visible to a user of a wearable device via a see-through display of the wearable device; tracking a motion of a finger of the user as the finger moves relative to the virtual line, wherein said tracking comprises: receiving, via a sensor, a signal indicative of a movement of the finger in the mixed reality environment relative to the virtual line; and obtaining images of the movement of the finger; determining, based on the signal, a first relative motion between the finger and the virtual line in the mixed reality environment; determining, based on the images, a second relative motion between the finger and the virtual line in the mixed reality environment; and determining an input sequence corresponding to one or more input strokes of the user, wherein the input sequence is determined based on a comparison of the first relative motion and the second relative motion.
 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising presenting the virtual line to the user via the see-through display.
 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising presenting the virtual line to the user via the see-through display as a portion of a message.
 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising presenting the virtual line to the user via the see-through display as a portion of an email.
 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising presenting the virtual line to the user via the see-through display as a portion of a writing platform.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising presenting the virtual line to the user via the see-through display as a portion of a painting platform.
 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising presenting the virtual line to the user via the see-through display as a portion of a drawing platform.
 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising presenting the input sequence via the see-through display relative to the virtual line.
 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising presenting the input sequence in real time.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining the input sequence comprises determining a position of the tip of the finger relative to the virtual line.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said motion comprises motion on a surface in the mixed reality environment and wherein said images comprise images of the surface.
 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying the input sequence to the mixed reality environment.
 13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method comprising: determining a virtual line in a mixed reality environment, the mixed reality environment visible to a user of a wearable device via a see-through display of the wearable device; tracking a motion of a finger of the user as the finger moves relative to the virtual line, wherein said tracking comprises: receiving, via a sensor, a signal indicative of a movement of the finger in the mixed reality environment relative to the virtual line; and obtaining images of the movement of the finger; determining, based on the signal, a first relative motion between the finger and the virtual line in the mixed reality environment; determining, based on the images, a second relative motion between the finger and the virtual line in the mixed reality environment; and determining an input sequence corresponding to one or more input strokes of the user, wherein the input sequence is determined based on a comparison of the first relative motion and the second relative motion.
 14. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the method further comprises presenting the virtual line to the user via the see-through display.
 15. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the method further comprises applying the input sequence to the mixed reality environment.
 16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the method further comprises presenting the input sequence via the see-through display relative to the virtual line.
 17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises presenting the input sequence in real time.
 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein said determining the input sequence comprises determining a position of the tip of the finger relative to the virtual line.
 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein said motion comprises motion on a surface in the mixed reality environment and wherein said images comprise images of the surface.
 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the method further comprises presenting the virtual line on the surface in the mixed reality environment via the see-through display. 